Last Updated: February 9, 2026
Target Keywords: DIY slow feeder for horses, homemade slow feeder for horses, how to make a slow feeder hay net, cheap slow hay feeder
Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate
Total DIY Options: 5 projects with step-by-step instructions
2-Minute Version (Read This First)
1) What is the real problem?
You want slower eating and less hay waste, but commercial feeders can be expensive if you have multiple horses.
2) Why does it matter?
DIY can save real money, but poor setup can create safety problems. The goal is not “cheap”. The goal is “safe and repeatable”.
3) What should you do next?
- Choose one simple build first (do not start with the hardest project).
- Pass the safety checks before first use: edges, stability, hoof-trap risk.
- Test for 72 hours, then adjust hole size and mounting based on your horse’s behavior.
Why Build Your Own Slow Feeder?
Commercial slow feeders range from $50 to over $1,000. For many horse owners, that’s a significant investment—especially if you have multiple horses or want to test slow feeding before committing to a premium product.
Bottom line: DIY slow feeders can cost as little as $20-50 and still work well when setup is done correctly.
The Math Makes Sense
| Factor | DIY Slow Feeder | Commercial Slow Feeder |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Cost | $20-130 | $50-1,000+ |
| Build Time | 1-4 hours | Ready to use |
| Customization | Fully customizable | Fixed specifications |
| Durability | Varies (depends on materials) | Generally higher |
| Warranty | None | Often included |
Hay Waste Savings: According to Alabama Cooperative Extension research, horses waste up to 57% of loose hay when fed on the ground. Slow feeders can reduce this to under 6%. Even a $50 DIY project can save you hundreds of dollars per year in hay costs.
Research Validation:
A 2025 survey of 1,283 horse owners found that 85%+ use hay nets as their primary slow feeder—and many of these are simple, inexpensive solutions combined with basic containers. The study confirmed:
“Most respondents did not encounter any issues when using slow-feeders and less than 10% reported health problems or accidents.” — Roig-Pons et al., Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2025)
This proves that simple designs work. You don’t need expensive equipment to get the benefits of slow feeding.
Quick Takeaway: Research-Verified DIY Confidence (1,283 Responses)
The Roig-Pons et al. (2025) dataset is especially relevant for DIY owners because it reflects routine field use, not lab-only setups.
| Validation point | Survey signal | DIY implication |
|---|---|---|
| Dominant feeder form | 85%+ used hay-net based slow feeding | DIY net + container formats are aligned with mainstream practice |
| Safety outcomes | <10% reported health/accident issues | Correct mounting and inspection matter more than brand prestige |
| Respondent base | 1,283 responses across 3 countries | Findings are consistent across different management systems |
| Usage intent | Waste control, weight control, longer feeding time | DIY builds should be optimized for these three goals first |
For DIY builds, the key lesson is not “cheap is unsafe” - it is that poor setup is unsafe. A stable container, correct hole size, and regular wear checks can deliver research-aligned results.
First-Week DIY Rollout (Simple and Safe)
| Day | What to do | What to watch |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Build one feeder only | Edge quality, stability, and net fit |
| Day 2-3 | Supervised first use | Pulling, pawing, refusal, hoof contact risk |
| Day 4-5 | Small setup tweaks | Hole size, tie points, feeder height |
| Day 6-7 | Normal routine trial | Eating time trend and hay waste trend |
If behavior gets worse after adjustments, switch feeder style early. Do not force a design your horse clearly dislikes.
Before You Start: Safety First
🛑 Critical Safety Rules
Before building any DIY slow feeder, understand these non-negotiable safety requirements:
1. Material Safety
- ✅ Use only food-grade plastic containers
- ✅ Ensure containers previously held non-toxic substances (fruit syrups, food products)
- ❌ Never use containers that held chemicals, oils, or unknown substances
2. Edge Safety
- ✅ Sand ALL cut edges smooth
- ✅ Countersink all screws and fasteners
- ✅ File any rough plastic or metal edges
- ❌ Never leave sharp edges exposed
3. Net Hole Size
- ✅ Holes must be smaller than your horse’s smallest hoof
- ✅ For shod horses, consider container-style feeders instead of ground nets
- ❌ Avoid nets that could trap hooves or horseshoes
4. Structural Stability
- ✅ Secure all feeders firmly to prevent tipping
- ✅ Use U-bolts, straps, or weight to stabilize
- ❌ Never leave unstable feeders that could injure horses
5. Pallet Selection (if using)
- ✅ Only use heat-treated (HT) pallets – look for the HT stamp
- ❌ Never use methyl bromide treated (MB) pallets – these are toxic to horses
DIY Project #1: Rubbermaid Trough + Hay Net (Easiest)
Difficulty: ★☆☆☆☆ (Easiest) Cost: ~$100-130 total Build Time: 15-30 minutes Best For: Beginners, single horse, ground-level feeding
This is the fastest and simplest DIY slow feeder—the “gateway project” for anyone new to DIY horse equipment.
Materials Needed
| Item | Estimated Cost | Where to Buy |
|---|---|---|
| 100-gallon Rubbermaid trough | $70-100 | Farm supply stores, Tractor Supply |
| Bale-sized small-hole hay net (1.5”-2”) | $25-35 | Amazon, local feed stores |
| Drill + ½” drill bit | (likely already own) | - |
| Hay string or baling twine | Free (from hay bales) | - |
| 4 D-rings (optional) | $5-10 | Hardware store |
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: Drill Drainage Holes Drill 8-10 holes (½” diameter) in the bottom of the trough. This prevents rainwater from collecting and causing hay to mold.
Step 2: Install D-Rings (Optional but Recommended) Install D-rings in each corner, approximately 8 inches from the bottom. These will help anchor the hay net so your horse can’t pull the whole thing out.
⚠️ Safety Tip: Ensure rivets or fasteners are smooth on the inside—nothing should be able to scratch your horse’s nose.
Step 3: Load the Hay Net Fill your slow-feed hay net with hay (about half a bale works well), then place it inside the trough.
Step 4: Secure the Net Two options:
- Option A: Thread the net’s closing rope through the D-rings and tie securely
- Option B: Push the rope through one of the drainage holes and secure underneath the trough
Why This Works:
“We have the Hay Chix slow feeder nets which we put into 50 gallon Rubbermaid troughs. Works great!” — Reddit r/Horses community
The trough keeps hay contained and off the ground, while the net slows consumption. The combination prevents waste and allows natural head-down eating posture.
DIY Project #2: 55-Gallon Drum Slow Feeder
Difficulty: ★★★☆☆ (Moderate) Cost: ~$30-60 total Build Time: 2-3 hours Best For: Paddock feeding, single horse, wall mounting
This is a favorite in the Reddit horse community and recommended by TheHorse.com. It’s more work than the Rubbermaid option but results in a sturdy, permanent feeder.
Materials Needed
| Item | Estimated Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Food-grade 55-gallon plastic drum | ~$30 | Must be from non-toxic source (fruit syrups ideal) |
| Circular saw or jigsaw | - | For cutting opening |
| File or sandpaper | $5 | For smoothing edges |
| Drill | - | - |
| U-bolts, washers, self-locking nuts | $10-15 | For fence mounting |
| Slow-feed hay net (optional) | $25-35 | For slower feeding |
| Zip ties | $5 | If using hay net |
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: Source Your Drum Find a used 55-gallon plastic drum that previously contained human food products. Fruit syrup drums are ideal. Never use chemical drums.
Clean thoroughly with mild dish detergent, brush, and hose.
Step 2: Choose Your Design
Option A: Side Opening (Direct Access)
- Mark a large opening on the side: approximately 24” wide × 20” high
- Position at chest height for your horse when mounted to a fence
- Cut carefully with circular saw or jigsaw
- Critical: File all edges until completely smooth
Option B: Top-Open with Hay Net
- Cut the top off the drum entirely
- Drill holes around the rim
- Insert a hay net and secure with zip ties through the drilled holes
- Position zip tie ends on the inside (away from horse’s face)
Step 3: Add Drainage Drill 6-8 holes in the very bottom to allow rainwater to drain.
Step 4: Mount to Fence
- Drill holes for U-bolts
- Attach drum to fence panel at chest height
- Important: Minimize how much the U-bolt ends protrude inside—just enough for washer and nut
Pro Tips from Horse Owners
“I made some out of 55g drums and hay nets. The key is making sure those edges are really, really smooth. I spent almost an hour sanding.” — Reddit DIY Horse Community
DIY Project #3: Pallet V-Feeder
Difficulty: ★★★☆☆ (Moderate) Cost: ~$20-40 (mostly free materials) Build Time: 2-4 hours Best For: Multiple horses, outdoor paddocks, using free materials
This design uses two free pallets to create a self-supporting V-shape that funnels hay to the bottom. It’s popular for pasture feeding.
Materials Needed
| Item | Estimated Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 2 heat-treated pallets (48” × 40”) | FREE | Look for HT stamp - AVOID MB stamp! |
| 4 heavy-duty door hinges | $15-20 | Exterior grade |
| 3” exterior screws + washers | $5-10 | - |
| ¾” plywood (12” × 12”) | $5 | To cap the bottom point |
| Sandpaper | $5 | Various grits |
| Slow-feed hay net + carabiners (optional) | $30-40 | For slow-feeding upgrade |
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: Source and Inspect Pallets Find two pallets marked with “HT” (heat-treated).
⚠️ Critical Warning: NEVER use pallets marked “MB” — this stands for methyl bromide treatment, which is toxic to horses.
Inspect for:
- Protruding nails
- Cracked or splintered boards
- Rot or mold
Step 2: Prepare Pallets
- Remove any protruding nails
- Sand all surfaces thoroughly
- Pay special attention to edges and corners
Step 3: Connect with Hinges
- Lay both pallets flat, long sides touching
- Install 4 hinges along the seam
- When stood up, this creates the V-shape
Step 4: Cap the Bottom Attach plywood square to the bottom point. This:
- Prevents hay from touching muddy ground
- Stops hay from wicking moisture
Step 5: Add Slow-Feed Upgrade (Recommended) Drape a bale-sized slow feed hay net inside the V. Attach top corners to pallet slats using carabiners.
This allows you to load a full bale while limiting consumption rate.
Placement Tips
| Location | Notes |
|---|---|
| Gravel pad | Best drainage, prevents mud |
| Geotextile fabric | Under gravel for extra stability |
| Indoor barn | Minimum 4 feet clearance for multiple horses |
DIY Project #4: Four-Pallet Hay Box
Difficulty: ★★★★☆ (Moderate-Difficult) Cost: ~$30-60 total Build Time: 3-5 hours Best For: Multiple horses, larger capacity, permanent installation
This is a more substantial build that creates an enclosed hay box with a hinged lid for easy refilling.
Materials Needed
| Item | Estimated Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 4 heat-treated pallets | FREE | HT stamp required |
| Slow-feed hay net | $30-40 | Bale-sized |
| 2 heavy-duty hinges (for lid) | $10-15 | - |
| 2” exterior deck screws | $10 | - |
| Tools: hammer, pry bar, impact driver | - | For dismantling |
| Reciprocating saw with metal blade | - | Optional, for cutting |
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: Dismantle Pallets (Carefully)
- Use pry bar to separate boards
- Watch for hidden nails
- Preserve as much wood as possible
Step 2: Plan Your Box Design a box approximately 4’ × 4’ × 3’ high. One pallet forms the base; others form sides.
Step 3: Build the Base Lay one pallet as the foundation. This keeps hay off the ground.
Step 4: Attach Sides Use deck screws to attach the remaining pallet wood as walls. Cut boards to desired eating height (typically 18-24” high).
Step 5: Install Hay Net Secure a slow-feed hay net inside the box. The net restricts intake while the box contains the hay.
Step 6: Add Hinged Lid Create a lid from remaining boards. Attach with hinges for easy access when refilling.
DIY Project #5: Slat-and-Wire Slow Feeder
Difficulty: ★★★★★ (Most Difficult) Cost: ~$120 (new materials) Build Time: 4-6 hours Best For: Permanent installation, best durability, shod horses
This is the most durable DIY option and safe for shod horses (no net to catch shoes). It uses a welded-wire panel as the slow-feed mechanism.
Materials Needed
| Item | Quantity | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2×4 lumber | 8 linear feet | $15-20 | For frame |
| 1×2 battens | 4 linear feet | $5 | Edge trim |
| Welded-wire panel (2” × 4” mesh) | 1 | $20-30 | Creates slow-feed front |
| Exterior screws (3”) | 1 box | $10 | - |
| Galvanized staples | 1 box | $5 | To attach wire |
| Lead-free exterior paint/stain | 1 quart | $15 | Optional but recommended |
| Plywood (½” or ¾”) | 4 sq ft | $15 | For back and bottom |
Building Overview
- Build a rectangular frame from 2×4 lumber (approximately 24” wide × 36” tall)
- Attach plywood to back and bottom
- Stretch welded-wire panel across the front opening
- Secure wire with galvanized staples and finish edges with 1×2 battens
- Paint/stain with lead-free exterior finish
- Mount to wall or fence at chest height
ROI Analysis
According to EquineEssentialHub, a slat-and-wire feeder can save approximately $110 per horse per year in reduced hay waste. At $120 cost, you break even in roughly 13 months.
DIY Slow Feeder Comparison Chart
| Project | Cost | Difficulty | Build Time | Durability | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rubbermaid + Net | $100-130 | ★☆☆☆☆ | 15-30 min | ★★★★☆ | Beginners |
| 55-Gallon Drum | $30-60 | ★★★☆☆ | 2-3 hours | ★★★★☆ | Wall mounting |
| Pallet V-Feeder | $20-40 | ★★★☆☆ | 2-4 hours | ★★★☆☆ | Free materials |
| Four-Pallet Box | $30-60 | ★★★★☆ | 3-5 hours | ★★★★☆ | Multiple horses |
| Slat-and-Wire | ~$120 | ★★★★★ | 4-6 hours | ★★★★★ | Shod horses |
Which DIY Project Should You Choose?
Decision Guide
| Your Situation | Best Choice | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Beginner, want quick results | Rubbermaid + Net | Easiest, fastest, reliable |
| Have free pallets available | Pallet V-Feeder | Almost free to build |
| Single horse, wall space available | 55-Gallon Drum | Compact, effective |
| Multiple horses, pasture feeding | Four-Pallet Box | Larger capacity |
| Shod horses or need maximum durability | Slat-and-Wire | Safest, most durable |
| Testing before buying commercial | Rubbermaid + Net | Low commitment |
Common DIY Slow Feeder Mistakes to Avoid
❌ Don’t Make These Errors
| Mistake | Why It’s a Problem | How to Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| Using untreated or MB pallets | Chemicals can harm horses | Only use HT-stamped pallets |
| Leaving sharp edges | Cuts and injuries | Sand and file all edges completely |
| Mounting too high or low | Neck strain, postural issues | Bottom of feeder at shoulder height |
| Using too-large net holes | Won’t slow feeding | Use 1.5”-2” holes for most horses |
| Skipping drainage holes | Moldy hay, water damage | Always drill drainage |
| Not securing to prevent tipping | Injury risk | Anchor firmly or weight down |
| Using non-food-grade containers | Toxic contamination | Verify container history |
DIY vs. Commercial: When to Buy Instead
While DIY can save money, sometimes buying makes more sense:
| Consider Buying If… | Why |
|---|---|
| You have limited tools or time | Commercial is ready to use |
| Your horse is extremely aggressive with feeders | Commercial designs are more durable |
| You need something portable | DIY tends to be heavier/bulkier |
| You want a warranty | Commercial products often have guarantees |
| You’re feeding easy keepers who need precise portion control | Commercial feeders have tested hole sizes |
Recommended Commercial Alternatives
If you decide DIY isn’t right for you, check our Best Slow Feeders Buying Guide 2026 for tested product recommendations.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long do DIY slow feeders last?
Varies by materials and construction:
- Rubbermaid + Net: 2-4 years (net may need replacement every 6-12 months)
- 55-Gallon Drum: 5-10+ years
- Pallet Feeders: 3-5 years (less if exposed to constant moisture)
- Slat-and-Wire: 10+ years with maintenance
Are DIY slow feeders safe for shod horses?
Caution required. Ground-level nets can pose entanglement risks for shod horses. For shod horses, choose:
- Container-style feeders (Rubbermaid, drum)
- Slat-and-wire designs (no net)
- Wall-mounted options elevated off the ground
What hole size should I use for the hay net?
| Hole Size | Feeding Speed | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| 1” | Ultra Slow | Mini horses, insulin-resistant |
| 1.5” | Slow | Most horses (recommended starting point) |
| 2” | Moderate | Seniors, hard keepers |
Can I use a DIY slow feeder for round bales?
Yes! The pallet V-feeder or four-pallet box can be scaled up to accommodate round bales. Alternatively, wrap round bales in a heavy-duty round bale net.
Conclusion
Building your own slow feeder doesn’t require advanced carpentry skills or expensive materials. With as little as $20-50 and a few hours of work, you can create an effective slow feeding solution that:
- ✅ Reduces hay waste by 50%+
- ✅ Extends feeding time
- ✅ Mimics natural grazing behavior
- ✅ Saves money long-term
Start with the Rubbermaid + Net option if you’re new to DIY horse projects. It’s the fastest way to test slow feeding with minimal investment.
For those comfortable with tools and time, the pallet V-feeder offers excellent value using free materials—a true budget winner.
Whatever you choose, remember the golden rules: smooth all edges, use food-grade materials, and prioritize stability.
Happy building!
Related Articles
- choose the right hay net opening - Pick practical hole sizes before you cut or knot materials.
- slow feeder positioning guide - Install at safer heights and angles after your build is done.
- diagnose slow feeder problems - Fix common failure points after first-week real use.
- small-equine slow feeder guide - Adjust DIY specs for smaller mouths and different intake pace.